Performic acid for advanced wastewater disinfection
Por:
Karpova T., Pekonen P., Gramstad R., Ojstedt, U, Laborda S., Heinonen-Tanski H., Chávez A., Jiménez B.
Publicada:
1 ene 2013
Resumen:
The disinfection efficiency of performic acid (PFA) against various microbial contaminants has been studied in municipal secondary effluent. The study demonstrated that PFA provides rapid, efficient and safe disinfection, degrading both bacteria and viruses even at low doses. The resistance order starting from the most resistant microorganism is as follows: MS2-coliphages > DNA-coliphages> enterococci and Escherichia coli. PFA is also efficient in the elimination of Salmonella spp., Clostridium perfringens spores and Giardia cysts. The results showed that a PFA dose as low as 0.5-1 mg L -1 with contact time of 10 min was efficient in achieving and maintaining for 72 h the disinfection level required for unrestricted agricultural water reuse (=3 log units for faecal coliforms). However, the optimal dose will depend on the quality of wastewater. Regarding the formation of by-products during disinfection with PFA, very low amounts of hydrogen peroxide and organic per-acids were observed; active oxygen was not detected. The amounts of adsorbable organically bound halogens (AOX) compounds formed were significantly lower compared to the amounts generated during chlorine disinfection. This chlorine-free solution enables compliance with microbiological criteria for various water reuse applications and is already on the market for advanced disinfection. © IWA Publishing 2013.
Filiaciones:
Karpova T.:
Kemira Oyj, Espoo R and D Center, Luoteisrinne 2, P.O. Box 44, 02271 Espoo, Finland
Pekonen P.:
Kemira Oyj, Espoo R and D Center, Luoteisrinne 2, P.O. Box 44, 02271 Espoo, Finland
Gramstad R.:
Kemira Kemi AB, Koppargatan 20, 25109 Helsingborg, Sweden
Laborda S.:
Kemira Germany Sales GmbH, Unterschweinstiege 2-14, 60459 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
Heinonen-Tanski H.:
Department of Environmental Science, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
Chávez A.:
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Ingn, Coyoacan 04510, DF, Mexico
Instituto de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Apdo Postal 70472, 04510 Coyocan DF, Mexico
Jiménez B.:
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Ingn, Coyoacan 04510, DF, Mexico
Instituto de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Apdo Postal 70472, 04510 Coyocan DF, Mexico
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