Roles each of Snail, Yin Yang 1, and RKIP in the regulation of tumor cells chemo-immuno-resistance to apoptosis
Por:
Bonavida B., Jazirehi A., Vega M.I., Huerta-Yepez S., Baritaki S.
Publicada:
1 ene 2013
Resumen:
The current anti-cancer therapeutic armamentarium consists of surgery, chemotherapy, radiation, hormonal therapy, immunotherapy, and combinations thereof. Initial treatments usually result in objective clinical responses with prolongation of overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in a large subset of the treated patients. However, at the onset, a subset of patients does not respond, and another subset initially responds but experiences relapses and recurrences. These latter subsets of patients develop a state of crossresistance to a variety of unrelated therapies. Therefore, there is an urgent need to first unravel the underlying mechanisms of resistance and associated gene products that regulate the cross-resistance. Such gene products represent potential therapeutic targets as well as potential prognostic/diagnostic biomarkers. In this context, we have identified three interrelated gene products involved in resistance, namely, Snail, YY1, and RKIP that are components of the dysregulated NF-?B/Snail/YY1/RKIP loop in many cancers. In this review, we discuss the roles each of Snail, YY1, and RKIP in the regulation of tumor cell resistance to chemo-and immunotherapies. Because these gene products have also been shown to be involved in the regulation of the EMT phenotype and metastasis, we hypothesize that targeting any of these gene products can simultaneously inhibit tumor cell resistance and metastasis. © 2013 by Begell House, Inc.
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